The Effects of Etodolac, Nimesulid and Naproxen Sodium on the Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange after Enclused Third Molars Surgery

PURPOSE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are frequently used in oral surgical procedures in dentistry. The evaluation of the frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is accepted as a reliable cytogenetic method to assess the genotoxic effects of environmental factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, the genotoxic effects of various NSAIDs were assessed in 30 patients to who they were administered following encluosed third molar surgery using SCE analysis before and after the operation. The frequency of SCE was evaluated before the operation and after 3 days of etodolac, nimesulid and naproxen use. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of SCE between the preoperative and postoperative states in patients given etodolac, nimesulid or naproxen sodium. CONCLUSION: Short term use of selective and non-selective NSAIDs was not associated with a significant genotoxic effect that could be detected using the SCE method in peripheric lymphocytes.

Relationship between insulin-like growth factor 1 and bone mineral density in men aged over 65 years

To determine the association between insulin growth factor 1 [IGF-1] and bone mineral density [BMD] in men over 65 years of age. Subjects and Forty-one male patients aged 65-88 years without a history of drug use or illness which is known to affect BMD were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 20 healthy men [19-62 years old]. An immunoradiometric assay was used to measure IGF-1 levels. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine BMD at the proximal femur and lumbar spine. A detailed questionnaire was used to assess the epidemiological findings. The men over 65 years of age had a lower mean IGF-1 level [102.04 +/- 36.65 vs. 196.62 +/- 84.86 ng/ml] and a lower mean BMD at the femoral neck, trochanter and intertrochanteric zones, Ward's triangle and total hip than the controls. No statistically significant association was observed in the BMD of the lumbar vertebrae between the patients and controls. IGF-1 levels were strongly and negatively correlated with age [p < 0.0001, r = -0.82]. Logistic regression analysis showed that low IGF-1 levels were strongly associated with osteopenia of the total hip, femoral neck, trochanter and intertrochanteric zone. The finding shows that low serum IGF-1 levels were associated with an increased risk of hip osteopenia and, hence, at least partly responsible for the osteopenia observed in men aged 65 years or over